Synergistic Effects between Vitamins/Micronutrients & NIR/PBMT

Several vitamins, micronutrients, and supplements have been studied for potential synergistic effects when combined with near-infrared (NIR) or photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT):

Mitochondrial Support and Electron Donors
– Methylene blue: Acts as a photosensitizer and electron cycler, enhancing mitochondrial respiration.[1][2]
– Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinol): A key component of the electron transport chain, may amplify mitochondrial effects of PBMT.[1][4]
– Quercetin: An antioxidant that can donate electrons and enhance mitochondrial biogenesis.[4]

Nitric Oxide Donors
– L-arginine and L-citrulline: Precursors for nitric oxide (NO) production, which is increased by PBMT and promotes vasodilation.[4]

Antioxidants
– N-acetyl cysteine (NAC): Boosts glutathione levels and may enhance PBMT’s effects on oxidative stress.[1][2]
– Molecular hydrogen: A selective antioxidant that may potentiate PBMT’s benefits.[4]
– Vitamin C: An antioxidant, but high doses may inhibit PBMT’s initial reactive oxygen species signaling.[1][2][4]

## Metals
– Iron and copper: Essential for mitochondrial function and energy production, deficiencies may limit PBMT efficacy.[4]

Photoprotection
– Niacinamide (vitamin B3): Protects against blue light and UV damage that could interfere with PBMT.[4]
– Carotenoids (beta-carotene, lutein, astaxanthin): Antioxidants that may enhance photoprotection.[4]

It’s important to note that while some supplements may enhance PBMT’s effects, high doses of certain antioxidants like vitamin C could potentially inhibit the initial reactive oxygen species signaling required for PBMT’s therapeutic mechanisms.[1][2][4] Proper dosing and timing of supplements in relation to PBMT may be crucial for optimal synergy.

Citations:
[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9855677/
[2] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5844808/
[3] https://bmcneurol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12883-024-03593-4
[4] https://gembared.com/blogs/musings/enhance-red-light-therapy-supplements-topicals
[5] https://www.aslms.org/for-the-public/treatments-using-lasers-and-energy-based-devices/photobiomodulation

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