Niacin (vitamin B3) has been found to have synergistic effects with several other vitamins and micronutrients:
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
The combination of niacin and omega-3 fatty acids demonstrated a synergistic effect, significantly increasing LDL apoE/apoB ratios and LDL apoA1/apoB ratios, suggesting an enhanced cardiovascular benefit from the combination therapy[1].
Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid
Combining vitamin B12 with folic acid supplements optimizes the reduction in homocysteine levels, potentially amplifying the advantages in preventing cardiovascular disease[1].
Coenzyme Q10 and Vitamin E
The combination of coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E significantly reduced LDL cholesterol, increased HDL cholesterol, reduced atherogenic coefficient, and decreased visceral adiposity index in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, while the individual supplements did not have these effects[1].
Zinc and Vitamin A
Combined zinc and vitamin A supplementation synergistically reduced the prevalence of persistent diarrhea and dysentery in children[2]. Zinc and vitamin A also had a synergistic effect on improving biochemical indexes of vitamin A nutrition[2].
Chromium
Niacin and chromium have synergistic effects on blood sugar levels[4].
Other B Vitamins
Niacin acts synergistically with all B vitamins, especially vitamin B1 (thiamine)[4].
Vitamin C
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and nicotinamide (a form of vitamin B3) have been found to exhibit synergistic antimicrobial effects. [6-10]
In summary, key micronutrients that exhibit synergistic effects with niacin include omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin B12, folic acid, coenzyme Q10, vitamin E, zinc, vitamin A, chromium, and other B vitamins like thiamine[1][2][4]. These synergistic combinations can potentially enhance cardiovascular health, nutrient status, and metabolic parameters.
Citations:
[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10600480/
[2] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2585731/
[3] https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-924/niacin-and-niacinamide-vitamin-b3
[4] https://www.mikronaehrstoffcoach.com/en/micronutrients/micronutrient.322.html
[5] https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/niacinamide[6] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9996180/
[7] https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00004512
[8] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-16243-3
[9] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464621002966
[10] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513416301284